They are indeed wise, who know that the secret of success is concentration. To think that it is only the Yogis who need concentration is a gross mistake. Concentration is essential for every person whatever his vocation may be. It is seen that concentration is inherently developed in artisans like blacksmiths, barbers, carpenters, goldsmiths and weavers. If the blacksmith misses his mark while striking with the hammer, even slightly, there is the possibility of crushing his hand. If the barber’s razor slips, there is the possible danger of a cut in the skin and blood oozing out. If the carpenter does not have a good hold on his chisel, he will lose his toe. The work of a goldsmith is undoubtedly very dextrous.
Weavers can produce clothes of good quality only if they care to keep their eyes fixed on the looms. But none of these people practiced concentration after reading a book or listening to a lecture. The situation created by the demands of their professions has forced the cultivation of concentration in them. What could be that situation? It is the risk of a disaster occurring with the slightest error in their handiworks. All of the above-mentioned are on the brink of danger while they work. Hence they have to work very diligently and attentively, restraining their minds. Thereby they would have obtained a form of concentration related to their own occupations. Not only this, there are innumerable examples wherein this type of concentration can be traced to have been passed down the generations. For instance, among apprentices learning smithy in I.T.I.s it is seen that a boy from a blacksmith’s family excels in the art.
This applies equally to all other vocations. It is rather rare that one possesses skill in a new craft. Based on the preceding observations, we come to know the fact that concentration is achieved by continuous striving. This was Lord Krishna’s answer to Arjuna’s question too: practice results in perfection. And you might have heard “practice makes man perfect” – What was Arjuna’s query?
“Krishna, the mind is very fickle; it is endlessly restless. It is powerful too. To keep it under control is equivalent to capturing the wind. How then can such a fickle mind be brought under control? Lord Krishna replies: “what you say is true, Arjuna. It is a fact that the mind is restless. It is true that keep it under control is no easy task. But listen to this-important-revelation:
It is equally true that even such a fickle mind can be brought under control by the force of CONSTANT PRACTICE and detachment. Arjuna’s question is quite natural and equally simple is Lord Krishna’s answer. The problem of the mind’s restiveness is not a new thing; it is as old as man himself. However, owing to the immoral and undisciplined mode of life prevalent today, it might have increased by a certain degree. In fact, Arjuna was a man of courage and righteousness. If such a man’s mind could be erratic, what to speak of the unsteadiness of mind of today’s pleasure-seeking and indulgent humanity.
Those who are bent upon bringing the mind under control must, first and foremost, clearly understand the nature of the mind they wish to fight with. The mind is as restless as a monkey and as strong as an intoxicated elephant. Controlling it, as said by Arjuna, is trapping like the wind. In regulating the mind, one needs the skill that is necessary in catching monkeys and training elephants.
When Arjuna complained that controlling the mind was very difficult, Lord Krishna did not make light of it and say, “For one like you, who has subdued the most heroic warriors, of what difficulty is the task of mastering the mind which is, after all, your own? You must be able to handle it as you like”. But instead, understanding the gravity of the problem he says sympathetically. “What you say is true Arjuna”. That mind is fickle and that, regulating it is very tough, are both true”. The reason Lord Krishna saying thus is that he knew the nature of the mind.
Every animal and thing on earth has a distinct disposition to blow is the nature of the wind
To burn is the nature of the fire
To flow is the nature of the water, likewise
To poke its nose everywhere
To jump about madly
To desire whimsically
To think about thousands things at a time
To fret over a boast of worries
To build castles in the air
To bother about every simple reason and every other work than the one assigned, is the nature of the mind.
With surroundings tending to provoke the mind which is by nature restless, what can one do, other than dancing to its tune? Therefore those who wish to control their minds should keep away from distracting environment. This does not mean that we have to leave the city, but only the mind should not be allowed to mingle with the surroundings. How is this done? Here the role of the five sense organs comes into picture.
Eyes
Ears
Nose
Tongue
Skin.
These are called as the vehicles of the mind. Their nature is as follows
Eyes – to see
Ears – to hear
Nose- to smell
Tongue- to taste
Skin- to feel
No sooner the eyes sees something beautiful than the mind leaps straight into it. Thus the senses keep pulling the mind in all directions. Hence it is required to keep the senses under control by applying the intellect. This implies, not seeing what should not be seen; not eating what should not be eaten; not doing what should not be done. Doing thus is called “Dama” in Sanskrit. The mind can flow wherever it likes, independently also, without the help of the sense-organs. In such cases the mind should be brought back with the application of intelligence. This direct method of keeping the mind poised is called “Shama” in Sanskrit. After coming to know so many details about mind and its concentration, some may ask, “After all what is the need to keep the mind under control? A correct answer to this must be known. The answer is just this: if one’s mind is under one’s own control, great goals can be achieved through it, while if it is not, it becomes well very difficult to do even the simplest tasks. Truly the mind is endowed with tremendous, demoniacal strength. That is why swami Vivekananda said, “strength is Life, and Weakness is Death”.
Yet many seem to be weak mentally at times or all through their lives. The reason is their mental energies have been dissipated indiscriminately. Not all are aware that the Sun’s rays have the power to ignite fire. Why don’t they know? The reason is, they would not have seen the sun’s rays creating fire and burning down things. But when the same rays are passed through a convex lens or magnifying glass in a concentrated way and made to fall on a piece of paper, they can burn the paper. How did the rays acquire this power? It was the result of making then converges, and thereby, “concentrated”. Earlier they were scattered in different directions. Hence, even though they could produce heat, they could not burn. But after becoming concentrated they could produce blazing fire. This is a secret. There lies remarkable power in our minds, intrinsically. Since this energy is being spent on all kinds of necessary and unnecessary matters, we are incapable of doing anything other than only the most commonplace things. If great things are to be achieved, then the distracted energies of the mind should be channalised. This can be done only when our mind are under own control.
But how can be the mind called ours if it madly runs out, unheedingly? The mind that has drowned itself in sensual things, accepting the invitation of the sense organs, is definitely not our own. How can we make a mind that is not ours, work as we want?
The first thing that our sages of yore achieved through constant efforts was mental equilibrium by bringing the mind under their control. And when such a mind was made to concentrate, it enabled them to find out the grandest yogi secrets. It brought them nothing less than Divine knowledge. As swami Vivekananda puts it “A concentrated mind is really a search-light. A search light makes it possible for us to see even the objects lying in distant, dark corner. Well it is true that the mind has to be made to concentrate but what should be the object of concentration? It is not possible to give a specific answer, suitable to all people, and at the same time; because, saying that the mind should be concentrated upon the light of the Atman would be absurd since not all have ventured to become yogis. Nor can it be said that the mind should be concentrated upon God because, not everybody is a devotee. How about saying that the mind should be concentrated upon lessons? But then, not all are kid or school-going students. So, it would be most appropriate to say that each individual has to personally choose his own particular object of concentration. But here we shall discuss how students must concentrate their minds upon studies.